Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east.
Europe covers about 10.18 million km² (3.93 million sq mi), or 6.8% of Earth's total land area, with a population of 745,173,774 (2021). Europe's population is equivalent to 9.78% of the total world population.
Fun Facts about Europe
Plovdiv, Bulgaria is Europe's oldest continuously inhabited city, founded around 4000 BC — making it one of the most ancient cities in the entire world.
The Danube flows through ten countries and stretches 2,860 km. But Europe's longest river is the Volga in Russia at 3,692 km.
The Kingdom of Denmark holds the title of Europe's oldest monarchy, founded in 935 AD by Viking kings Gorm the Old and Harald Bluetooth — over 1,000 years of royal rule.
Vatican City covers just 0.02 square miles, making it the smallest country on Earth. It prints its own stamps, issues its own passports, and has its own radio station.
The Louvre in Paris, France is the most visited art gallery and attraction in Europe, drawing nearly 9 million visitors per year to its iconic glass pyramid.
Interactive Map of Europe
Countries of Europe
The continent of Europe comprises 45 independent countries, from Iceland in the west to the vast nation of Russia in the east.
| # | Country | Population | Subregion |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Russia | 145,934,462 | Eastern Europe |
| 2 | Germany | 83,783,942 | Western Europe |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 67,886,011 | Northern Europe |
| 4 | France | 65,273,511 | Western Europe |
| 5 | Italy | 60,461,826 | Southern Europe |
| 6 | Spain | 46,754,778 | Southern Europe |
| 7 | Ukraine | 43,733,762 | Eastern Europe |
| 8 | Poland | 37,846,611 | Eastern Europe |
| 9 | Romania | 19,237,691 | Eastern Europe |
| 10 | Netherlands | 17,134,872 | Western Europe |
| 11 | Belgium | 11,589,623 | Western Europe |
| 12 | Czech Republic (Czechia) | 10,708,981 | Eastern Europe |
| 13 | Greece | 10,423,054 | Southern Europe |
| 14 | Portugal | 10,196,709 | Southern Europe |
| 15 | Sweden | 10,099,265 | Northern Europe |
| 16 | Hungary | 9,660,351 | Eastern Europe |
| 17 | Belarus | 9,449,323 | Eastern Europe |
| 18 | Austria | 9,006,398 | Western Europe |
| 19 | Serbia | 8,737,371 | Southern Europe |
| 20 | Switzerland | 8,654,622 | Western Europe |
| 21 | Bulgaria | 6,948,445 | Eastern Europe |
| 22 | Denmark | 5,792,202 | Northern Europe |
| 23 | Finland | 5,540,720 | Northern Europe |
| 24 | Slovakia | 5,459,642 | Eastern Europe |
| 25 | Norway | 5,421,241 | Northern Europe |
| 26 | Ireland | 4,937,786 | Northern Europe |
| 27 | Croatia | 4,105,267 | Southern Europe |
| 28 | Moldova | 4,033,963 | Eastern Europe |
| 29 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 3,280,819 | Southern Europe |
| 30 | Albania | 2,877,797 | Southern Europe |
| 31 | Lithuania | 2,722,289 | Northern Europe |
| 32 | North Macedonia | 2,083,374 | Southern Europe |
| 33 | Slovenia | 2,078,938 | Southern Europe |
| 34 | Latvia | 1,886,198 | Northern Europe |
| Kosovo | 1,798,188 | Eastern Europe | |
| 35 | Estonia | 1,326,535 | Northern Europe |
| 36 | Montenegro | 628,066 | Southern Europe |
| 37 | Luxembourg | 625,978 | Western Europe |
| 38 | Malta | 441,543 | Southern Europe |
| 39 | Iceland | 341,243 | Northern Europe |
| 40 | Andorra | 77,265 | Southern Europe |
| 41 | Monaco | 39,242 | Western Europe |
| 42 | Liechtenstein | 38,128 | Western Europe |
| 43 | San Marino | 33,931 | Southern Europe |
| 44 | Holy See | 801 | Southern Europe |
Non-Sovereign Territories
A list of non-sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe.
| Territory | Population | Dependency of |
|---|---|---|
| Jersey | 96,513 | United Kingdom |
| Isle of Man | 85,033 | United Kingdom |
| Guernsey | 65,849 | United Kingdom |
| Faeroe Islands | 48,863 | Denmark |
| Gibraltar | 33,691 | United Kingdom |
| Svalbard | 2,019 | Norway |
Is Cyprus in Europe or Asia?
Cyprus, an island in the Mediterranean Sea, is geographically part of Asia Minor (Middle East). However, it is widely considered culturally and politically part of Europe and has been a member of the European Union since 2004. Additionally, a small western portion of Kazakhstan is also geographically considered to be part of Europe.
